Saadani National Park

UMLANDO NAMASIKO       

Idolobhana laseSaadani kwake kwaba isikhungo esibalulekile sechweba kanye nesikhungo sokuhweba ngezigqila empumalanga ye-Afrika. Manje isiyisigodi esincane sokudoba isiSwahili esinezakhamuzi ezingaba ngu-800 eziphila kakhulu ngokudoba. Ezinye izigodi eziseduze nepaki ziziphilisa ngokulima, ikakhulukazi ukutshala ukhukhunathi.

Ngemuva kwezikhathi zokubusa kwamaPutukezi nama-Arab, isifunda sathola ukubaluleka kwekhulu le-18 nele-19 kulandela ukwanda kwesidingo samazwe ngamazwe samazinyo endlovu nezigqila. Idolobhana langempela laseSaadani liqhamuke namadolobha afana neBagamoyo nePangani njengezikhungo ezintsha zokuhweba ezixhuma iZanzibar nemizila yokuhweba emabanga amade esuka eTabora. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, u-Bwana Heri bin Juma wayebusa iSaadani. Ngokwesiko lomlomo ungumsunguli wenganekwane-iqhawe ledolobhana njengoba amelana nayo yonke imizamo yamaZanzibar yokuthatha idolobha futhi wanqoba amasosha e-sultan ngo-1882. Ngo-1886 imingcele ye-protectorate yaseJalimane yasungulwa. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, abantu basogwini bahlela ukumelana namaJalimane ngaphansi kobuholi obuhlangene buka-Abushiri bin Salim al Harth kanye no-Bwana Heri. Ngomhla ziyisi-6 kuNhlangulana 1889 iSaadani yaqhunyiswa ngamabhomu futhi yathathwa amaJalimane. U-Bwana Heri ethathwa amaJalimane njengesitha esihloniphekile, watshelwa ukuthi akhe kabusha iSaadani.

Ukuhweba ngenqola yase-Saadani nase-Bagamoyo yehla ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 ngenkathi i-Dar-es-salaam iphakama yaba isikhungo sokuhweba esibaluleke kakhulu esifundeni esisogwini. Ukukhiqizwa kwezohwebo ngasogwini, okufana nerayisi, ushukela kanye ne-copra, okwathunyelwa eZanzibar nase-Indian Ocean, kwaphela ngemva kokuhlasela kweJalimane. Lokhu kwathathelwa indawo yizitshalo zemali ezifana nekhofi, ukotini nesilisa emakethe yaseYurophu. Kulandela ukudluliselwa kwesivikelo kumaNgisi ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala yeSisal, i-kapok, izindawo ze-cashew kanye namapulazi ezinkomo zasungulwa endaweni yaseSaadani. Amanxiwa ezindlu zamatshe asawubufakazi besimo sangaphambili esichumayo.

I-boma endala yaseJalimane (indlu kahulumeni) kanye namathuna amaningana kusatholakala eSaadani.

I-Savannah

I-savannah eswakeme yaseSaadani National Park ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukaniseka kalula: i-savannah yotshani obude obunotshani obumbozekile obukhula bufike ku-2m namasundu asabalele, idlelo elifushane lotshani elitholakala kakhulu endaweni eyayikade itshalwe ukhula kanye namathafa kakotini omnyama lapho inhlabathi yobumba idala izimo ezinzima kakhulu.

Amazinga ahlukene ekhava yesihlahla angahlukaniswa: okujwayelekile eSaadani i-Acacia Zanzibarica enezinqe ezinde, ezihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu zepaki. Izakhamuzi zamasavanna otshani obude yinyathi enesisindo esingama-850kg futhi imihlambi eminingana yama-hartebeest ingabonwa iklabile eSaadan National Park.

I-waterbuck evamile ivela kuyo yonke indawo yepaki. Isisindo esingafika ku-270kg lawa madlelo angabonakala kalula ngendandatho emhlophe ezungeze imisila yawo. Ukuminyana kwama-reedbucks kuphezulu kakhulu eSaadani National Park, nakuba le antelope ephakathi nendawo (45kg) kungase kube nzima ukuyibona otshanini obude lapho ilala khona ukuze ithole indawo yokukhosela. Ama-warthogs atholakala yonke indawo futhi aze afike esigodini saseSaadani. Njengoba iningi lezakhamuzi zingamaSulumane, ama-warthog afunde ukuthi ngeke alimale.

Izilwane ezinde kakhulu emhlabeni kanye nophawu lwesizwe saseTanzania, izindlulamithi, ziningi eSaadani National Park. Izilimi zazo zinezingqwembe ezikhethekile ezizenza zilungele ukuzulazula ezihlahleni ze-acacia ezinameva. Imihlambi emikhulu yezilwane zasendle ezinezindevu ezimhlophe idla emahlathini otshani obufushane. Zakhululwa kule ndawo ngawo-1970. Ezinye izinhlobo ezethulwa yi-zebra ethafeni kanye ne-eland.

Ibhubesi, elikhulu kunawo wonke ezilwaneni ezidla inyama zase-Afrika, liyatholakala naseSaadani nakuba lingavamile ukubonakala. Ebusuku ungase uzwe izimpisi futhi uhlangane nezakhi zofuzo, izingungumbane kanye nama-civet. Ezinye izinhlobo ezingabonwa ngaphakathi kwendawo yepaki ama-bushbuck, izingulube zasehlathini, izimfene eziphuzi kanye nezinkawu ze-vervet.

 

UMFULA NOLWANDLE

Kusukela eMpumalanga kuya eNtshonalanga, ulwandle oluvulekile olunezixhobo zamakhorali lushintsha lube yisimiso samanzi anosawoti esibonakala ngamahlathi omhlume, amapani kasawoti kanye nezindawo ezinosawoti ezingenalutho. Uma uqhubeka phakathi nezwe, uMfula i-Wami ungumthombo wamanzi ahlanzekile obaluleke kakhulu eduze kwemifula yesikhashana namadamu amaningi.

Uma kunegagasi eliphansi ulwandle luhlehla lufike kumamitha ayi-100 ukuze kwakheke indlela ekahle yabantu bendawo nezilwane zasendle. Lawa mabhishi ukuphela kwendawo enyakatho ye-Dar-es-salaam lapho izimfudu zasolwandle zisaza zizobekela amaqanda azo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ufudu oluluhlaza, olukhulu kunawo wonke amagobolondo aqinile olwandle. Ngaphandle kwamasela ezidleke ogwini, izimfudu zisongelwa ikakhulukazi izindawo zokudoba ezithengiswayo kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ukunwetshwa kwasolwandle kwalesi siqiwu kuhlanganisa nosebe lwesihlabathi saseMafui, elinezixhobo ezimibalabala zamakhorali eziyindawo ebalulekile yokuzalanisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi.

Izihlahla zomhlume ezihlala ziluhlaza zikhula endaweni yokuthengiselana, ngaphezu nje kwezinga lamanzi olwandle. Lawa mahlathi agcwele usawoti abekezelela usawoti ahlinzeka indawo yokuphumula nokudla kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni, amalulwane, izinkawu, izimvubu nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi ezinjengama-prawn nazo zizalela amaqanda azo kulezi zindawo ezivikelekile.
Isidingo esikhulu sezinkuni zomhlume ezimelana nawo siholela ekuxhashazweni ngokweqile, okwenza ukuvikelwa kwala mahlathi kubaluleke nakakhulu. ESaadani National Park, ihlathi elikhulu lomhlume likhula eduze komfula i-Wami. Lena futhi indawo lapho amaqembu amakhulu ezimvubu angabonwa khona. Ingwenya yaseNayile nayo ihlala lapha. Umfula i-Wami uyindawo enhle kakhulu yokubuka izinyoni ezifana nama-kingfisher, ama-fish eagle kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ezinwabuzelayo.

OKULANDELAYO KANYE NEZINHLABANE

Ihlathi elingasogwini elaziwa kancane libonakala ngokuhlukahluka kwemvelo okuphezulu okunezitshalo eziningi ezitholakala kule ndawo kuphela (i-endemics).
Ihlathi linendima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni inhlabathi ekugugulekeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela lilawule umjikelezo wamanzi. Ngaphandle kwamahlathi amabili amakhulu eZaraninge neKwamsisi, iziqephu eziningi ezincane zehlathi nezihlahlana zimelela indawo ebalulekile yezilwane. Lawa mahlathi nezihlahlana asengozini yokugawulwa ngokungemthetho, ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle kanye nokwandiswa kokulima.

E-Saadani, izindlovu zinamahloni futhi zivame ukucasha emini ezindaweni ezinokhuni zepaki. Izingwe zitholakala nasezihlahleni eziminyene nasezihlahleni (ezihlahleni). Akuvamile ukubonwa, lezi zilwane ngokuvamile zihamba ebusuku futhi zingahlala eduze nabantu. Ezinye izilwane ezibukisayo ezihlala kakhulu ezindaweni ezinezinkuni ama-kudu amakhulu nezinyamazane ezincane njenge-suni ne-duiker. Imiqhele yezihlahla ihlala izinkawu ze-colubus eziphila kakhulu ngamaqabunga, izingane zasehlathini ezihlala ebusuku kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ezidla izithelo, izinambuzane nezimvemvane.

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IMISEBENZI YEZOKUVAKASHA

• I-Boat safari endaweni yomfula i-Wami River kanye nolwandle, izimila zomhlume, izinyoni ezithanda amanzi, iMvubu kanye nengwenya yeNayile.
• Vakashela indawo yokuzalanisa ufudu oluluhlaza endaweni yaseMadete.
• Vakashela iMafui sand bank Island evula emini bese ivala kusihlwa, usebe lwesihlabathi lapho utshuza khona emigedeni enezinhlanzi ezimibalabala nezimfudu eziluhlaza. Indawo lapho ukudla kwasemini nokugeza ilanga kunganikeza ukuphumula okukhulu.
• Ukuhamba nge-safari emizileni yemvelo yase-Saadani kukusondeza emvelweni.
• I-Day game drive.
• I-night game drive yokubona izilwane zasebusuku
• Nethezeka ogwini oluhlanzeke kakhulu ogwini lwaseBagamoyo naseTanga, lapho umuntu ekwazi ukubona ukuphuma kwelanga.

IZINDAWO EZIKHETHEKILE ZABAVAKASHI:

• Ulwandle oluhlanzekile kanye noLwandlekazi i-Indian.
• Inqwaba yezilwane ezincelisayo zasendle njenge-waterbuck, indlulamithi, i-warthog, imfene ephuzi, i-hartebeest, i-wildebeest, i-zebra, indlovu kanye nebhubesi.
• Indawo yokuzalela izimfudu eziluhlaza.
• UMfula iWami.
• Ihlathi laseZaraninge elisogwini.
• Izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingaphezu kuka-220 kufaka phakathi izinyoni ezifudukayo.
• Izinsalela zomlando.
• Isiko lesiSwahili.

UKUFINYELELA EPAKINI

Ngomgwaqo

ISaadani National Park itholakala cishe ngamakhilomitha angu-44 eNyakatho yedolobha laseBagamoyo. Ipaki ingafinyelelwa kalula ngoMfula iWami usuka eBagamoyo.

Ipaki ingafinyelelwa futhi ngokushayela ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-271 ukusuka eDar-es-salaam - edolobhaneni laseMandela udlula edolobheni laseChalinze. Ukusuka eMandela shayela emgwaqweni onzima ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-61 ukuya esangweni lokungena epaki laseSaadani.

Ibhasi lomphakathi lansuku zonke lihamba lisuka e-Dar-es-salaam / Bagamoyo nasesigodini saseSaadani liya eDolobheni laseTanga nasesigodini saseMkwaja.

Ngaphezu kwalokho umuntu angafika e-Saadani esuka e-Arusha - e-Moshi-Segera-Tanga-Pangani NOMA e-Arusha - e-Moshi-Segera- Kwamsisi-Mandela okungaba ngu-561 Km.

Ukusuka edolobheni laseTanga umuntu angafika eSaadani ngokushayela nokuwela uMfula iPangani ngesikebhe somphakathi. Kungamahora amathathu ngemoto (130Km) emgwaqweni omubi oya esangweni lokungena ePark.

ngu emoyeni

Izindiza ezincane zingahlelwa ukuya esikhumulweni sezindiza saseMkwaja noma saseSaadani zisuka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yezwe njenge-Arusha, iZanzibar, iMwanza, iManyara, iDar-es-salaam njll.
Isiqhingi saseZanzibar siqhele ngamakhilomitha angaba ngu-40 ukusuka epaki, kuthatha cishe imizuzu eyi-14 ukundiza usuka eZanizbar uye eSaadani Airstrip. 

Ngamanzi

Umuntu angafika eSaadani ngesikebhe esuka eDar-es-salaam, Tanga, Pangani, Bagamoyo naseZanzibar

QAPHELA; Ngezinkathi zemvula (uMashi-Ephreli), imigwaqo enodaka ingenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuhamba ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yepaki. Kunconywa ukubuza ngesimo somgwaqo ngaphambi kokuhamba.

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuvakashela iPaki:

Kunconywa ukuvakashela ipaki ngezikhathi zesomiso. Kodwa-ke ipaki inezindawo eziningi ezikhangayo unyaka wonke. Kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokubuka ama-flamingo emabhodweni kasawoti.

UKUQHUBEKA

Ipaki inikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezindawo zokuhlala kanye nezinsiza zazo kokubili kubahlali kanye nabangebona abahlali abavakashela ipaki.

• Indlu yokuphumula eduze nolwandle, negumbi lokuhlala elinefenisha, igumbi lokulala elikhulu, amakamelo amathathu angawodwa kanye nekhishi elihlonyiswe ngokuphelele.
• I-Bandaz ezitholakala ogwini lolwandle, ngalinye linamakamelo amabili anemibhede emine kanye

amakamelo angawodwa emibhangqwaneni anezindawo zokudlela nekhishi langaphandle elifakwe igesi yokupheka, ifriji elijulile kanye nezitsha.
Lezi zikhungo zinikeza abantu abakhempa ithuba lokulala ezindaweni zokukhempa ngokuphonsa imbiza
amatende endaweni yokukhempa yomphakathi etholakala ogwini lolwandle lwaseSaadani,

• Izindawo ezikhethekile zokukhempa: Indawo yokukhempa yaseKiwandi etholakala ehlathini laseZaraninge, indawo yokukhempa yaseKinyonga etholakala eduze komfula iWami kanye nendawo yokukhempa yaseTengwe etholakala endaweni yasehlane.

Izivakashi zelulekwa ukuba zize nokudla kwazo ezingakupheka zisebenzisa izindawo zepaki.
Kunezinye izindawo zokuhlala ezizimele ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwepaki zifaka phakathi iSanctuary Saadani Safari Lodge, iSaadani River Lodge, iKISAMPA, iSaadani Park Hotel, iTembo Kijani Lodge kanye neTent with A View Lodge. Sicela uvakashele amawebhusayithi abo ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

IMITHETHO NEMITHETHO YEPAKI

Ngenxa yesimo engxenyeni egugwini lwaseTanzania kanye nezintshisekelo eziningi ezingqubuzanayo ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sifunda. ISaadani National Park ibhekene nezinsongo eziningi ekusindeni kwayo. Ezimbi kakhulu ukuzingela ngokungemthetho kanye nesidingo esikhulayo somhlaba sokondla inani elikhulu labantu elikhula njalo elisemngceleni wepaki. Ukuziphatha kwakho kungaba yingozi njengogibe lomzingeli.

Ukushayela ngaphandle komgwaqo lapho kungavunyelwe khona kulimaza inhlabathi ebuthakathaka nezitshalo zalezi zindawo zemvelo ezibucayi futhi kungaphazamisa izinhlobo zezilwane ngezikhathi zokuzala ezibucayi. Ungasiza ekulondolozeni iSaadani National Park kanye nesimo sayo esiyingqayizivele ngokuhlonipha imithetho nemigomo yethu ejwayelekile engezansi:

1. Gcina umkhawulo wejubane elingu-50kph. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphepha kwakho nokuphepha kwezilwane zasendle.
2. Akuvunyelwe ukushayela ebusuku (7pm kuya ku-6am).
3. Hlala emigwaqweni/ezindleleni ezibekiwe.
4. Ungahlukumezi, wondle noma uphazamise izilwane zasendle.
5. Ungaphumi/ ume/ ulengise imoto eduze kwanoma yisiphi isilwane.
6. Ama-Green Turtles asengozini yokuqothulwa futhi izindawo zawo zokuzalela zilinganiselwe. Ungaphazamisi ama-green turtles, amaphuphu noma izidleke ogwini lolwandle.
7. Ama-coral reefs ayizindawo zokuhlala ezibucayi zezilwane zasolwandle. Ungaphumi noma uhambe phezu kwama-coral abuthakathaka.
8. Shiya zonke izitshalo, izilwane, izinhloko zekhanda, amathambo, amatshe, noma yini epaki lapho kufanele khona.
9. Ungalethi noma yisiphi isilwane, isitshalo kanye/noma yini epaki.
10. Ipikiniki ezindaweni ezigunyaziwe.
11. Ungashiyi udoti ngemuva: hamba nawo noma uwulahle ngendlela efanele.
12. Cima ugwayi esitsheni somlotha semoto yakho ukuze ugweme umlilo wehlathi.
13. Ungaqali umlilo ngaphandle kwasezinkanjini ezigunyaziwe.
14. Khumbula ukuthi amasango epaki avuleka ngo-6 ekuseni bese evala ngo-6 ntambama.
15. Ungena epaki ngengozi yakho

Abaphathi kanye nabasebenzi baseSaadani National Park bayakwamukela futhi bakufisela ukuhlala okunethezekile.

LINKI

www.saadanipark.org