Saadani National Park

MBIRI NDI CHIKHALIDWE       

Mudzi wa Saadani poyamba unali tawuni yofunikira komanso malo ogulitsa akapolo kummawa kwa Africa. Tsopano ndi mudzi wawung'ono wa asodzi wa Chiswahili wokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 800 omwe ntchito yawo yambiri ndi usodzi. Midzi ina yoyandikana ndi pakiyi imadzipezera moyo mwa ulimi, makamaka kulima kokonati.

Pambuyo pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Apwitikizi ndi Aarabu, chigawochi chinayamba kukhala chofunika kwambiri m’zaka za m’ma 18 ndi 19 kutsatira kuchuluka kwa minyanga ya njovu ndi akapolo padziko lonse lapansi. Mudzi weniweni wa Saadani udatulukira ndi matauni ngati Bagamoyo ndi Pangani ngati malo ogulitsa atsopano olumikiza Zanzibar ndi njira zamalonda zakutali kuchokera ku Tabora. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, Bwana Heri bin Juma anali kulamulira Saadani. Mwamwambo wapakamwa iye ndi nthano woyambitsa-ngwazi wa mudzi pamene iye anakana zoyesayesa zonse Zanzibari kulanda tawuni ndi kugonjetsa asilikali a Sultan mu 1882. Mu 1886 malire German chitetezo anakhazikitsidwa. Patatha zaka ziwiri, anthu a m'mphepete mwa nyanja adakonza zolimbana ndi a Germany motsogozedwa ndi Abushiri bin Salim al Harth ndi Bwana Heri. Pa 6 June 1889 Saadani anaphulitsidwa ndi kutengedwa ndi Ajeremani. Bwana Heri potengedwa ndi a Germany ngati mdani wolemekezeka, adauzidwa kuti amangenso Saadani.

Malonda a apaulendo a Saadani ndi Bagamoyo adatsika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 pomwe Dar-es-salaam idakwera kukhala likulu lazamalonda lofunika kwambiri m'chigawo cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kupanga malonda m'mphepete mwa nyanja, monga mpunga, shuga ndi copra, zomwe zinatumizidwa ku Zanzibar ndi Indian Ocean, zinasowa pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Germany. Izi zidasinthidwa ndi mbewu zamalonda monga khofi, thonje ndi sisal ku msika waku Europe. Kutsatira kusamutsidwa kwa chitetezo ku Britain pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse ya sisal, kapok, minda ya cashew ndi malo odyetsera ng'ombe adakhazikitsidwa mdera la Saadani. Mabwinja a nyumba za miyala amachitirabe umboni wa mmene zinthu zinalili kale.

Nyumba yakale ya boma ya ku Germany (nyumba ya boma) ndi manda angapo akupezekabe ku Saadani.

SAVANNAH

Denga lachinyezi la Saadani National Park litha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu yodziwika mosavuta: savanna yaudzu wautali wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira omwe amakula mpaka 2m ndi kanjedza womwazika, malo odyetserako udzu waufupi omwe amakhala pamalo omwe kale anali minda ya sisal ndi zigwa zakuda za thonje komwe dothi ladongo limapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta kwambiri.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chivundikiro chamitengo imatha kuzindikirika: momwe Saadani ndi Acacia Zanzibarica yokhala ndi misana yake yayitali, yomwe imaphimba madera akuluakulu a paki. Anthu okhala m'malo a udzu wautali ndi njati zomwe zimalemera mpaka 850kg ndipo magulu angapo a nyuzi amatha kuwonedwa akudya ku Saadan National Park.

Nthenda wamba wamba imapezeka m'dera lonse la paki. Zolemera mpaka 270kg zodyera msipuzi zimatha kuzindikirika mosavuta ndi mphete yoyera yozungulira michira yawo. Kuchulukana kwa ma reedbucks ndikwambiri makamaka mu Saadani National Park, ngakhale phala lapakati (45kg) lingakhale lovuta kuliwona muudzu wautali momwe limagona kuti libisale. Nkhumbazi zimapezeka ponseponse ndipo zimafika m'mudzi wa Saadani. Popeza ambiri mwa anthu a m’mudzimo ndi Asilamu, nyamazi zaphunzira kuti sizidzavulazidwa.

Nyama zazitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso chizindikiro cha dziko la Tanzania, giraffes, zili zambiri ku Saadani National Park. Malilime awo ali ndi mbale zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisangalala kwambiri ndi mitengo ya acacia yokhala ndi minga. Magulu akuluakulu a nyumbu zoyera amadya m'malo a udzu waufupi. Anatulutsidwa m'derali m'zaka za m'ma 1970. Mitundu ina yomwe inayambitsidwa ndi mbidzi ndi mphutsi.

Mkango, womwe ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri mu Africa, umapezekanso ku Saadani ngakhale suwoneka kawirikawiri. Usiku umatha kumva afisi ndikukumana ndi ma gene, nungu ndi civet. Mitundu ina yomwe imatha kuwonedwa m'mphepete mwa pakiyi ndi nkhanu, nkhumba zakutchire, anyani achikasu ndi anyani a vervet.

 

MTSINJE NDI NYANJA

Kuchokera Kummawa mpaka Kumadzulo, nyanja yotseguka yokhala ndi matanthwe a coral imasintha kukhala zachilengedwe zamadzi amchere zomwe zimadziwika ndi nkhalango ya mangrove, mapoto amchere ndi malo opanda mchere. Kupitilira kumtunda, mtsinje wa Wami ndiye gwero lamadzi abwino kwambiri pambali pa mitsinje ndi madamu akanthawi.

Pakutsika kwa mafunde nyanja imabwerera mpaka mamita 100 kupanga njira yabwino kwa anthu am'deralo ndi nyama zakutchire. Magombe amenewa ndi malo okhawo kumpoto kwa Dar-es-salaam kumene akamba am’nyanja amabwerabe kudzaikira mazira. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi kamba wobiriwira, wamkulu kwambiri pa akamba am'nyanja olimba. Kupatula mbava za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, akamba ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha usodzi wamalonda ndi kuipitsidwa kwamadzi. Malo otambasulidwa m’nyanjayi akuphatikizapo mapiri a mchenga a Mafui, omwe miyala yake yokongola ya korali ndi malo ofunikira kuswana nsomba zamitundumitundu.

Mitengo ya mangrove ya Evergreen imamera m'malo ochita malonda, pamwamba pa madzi a m'nyanja. Nkhalango zolekerera mcherezi zimapereka malo opumira ndi odyetserako mitundu yambiri ya mbalame, mileme, anyani, mvuu ndi zokwawa. Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba monga prawns imaikiranso mazira m'malo otetezedwawa.
Kufunika kwakukulu kwa nkhuni za mangrove kumabweretsa kudyetsedwa mopitilira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa chitetezo cha nkhalangozi kukhala chofunikira kwambiri. Ku Saadani National Park, nkhalango yayikulu ya mangrove imamera m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Wami. Apanso ndi malo amene magulu akuluakulu a mvuu amatha kuona. Ng’ona ya mu Nile imakhalanso kuno. Mtsinje wa Wami ndi malo abwino kwambiri owonera mbalame monga kingfisher, mphungu za nsomba ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zouluka.

ZOLEMEKEZA NDI ZINTHU

Nkhalango ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja yosadziwika bwino imadziwika ndi zamoyo zambiri zamitundu mitundu ndipo zomera zambiri zimapezeka m'derali (endemics).
Nkhalango imathandiza kwambiri kuteteza nthaka kuti isakokoloke ndipo zimenezi zimathandiza kuti madzi aziyenda bwino. Kupatula nkhalango ziŵiri zazikulu za Zaraninge ndi Kwamsisi, ting’onoting’ono tating’ono ta nkhalango ndi zitsamba timaimira malo ofunika kwambiri okhalamo nyama. Nkhalango ndi zitsambazi zimakhala pachiwopsezo cha kudula mitengo mosaloledwa, kupanga makala komanso kukula kwaulimi.

Ku Saadani, njovu ndi zamanyazi ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabisala masana m'malo amitengo a paki. Nyalugwe amapezekanso m’nkhalango zowirira komanso m’mitengo. Kaŵirikaŵiri, nyama zimenezi zimakhala zausiku ndipo zimatha kukhala moyandikana ndi anthu. Nyama zina zodzionetsera zomwe zimakhala kwambiri m'madera amitengo ndi anyani akulu kwambiri komanso ang'onoang'ono monga suni ndi duiker. Korona wamitengoyo amakhala ndi anyani a colubus omwe amakhala ndi masamba, makamaka ana amtchire ausiku komanso mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zodya zipatso, tizilombo ndi agulugufe.

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ZOCHITA ZA AKALEMBA

• Boat safari pamtsinje wa Wami ndi nyanja, zomera za mangrove, mbalame zokonda madzi, Mvuwu ndi ng'ona ya Nile.
• Pitani ku malo obereketsa kamba a Green ku Madete.
• Pitani ku Mafui sand bank Island yomwe imatsegulidwa masana ndi kutseka madzulo, mchenga wamchenga momwe mumawomba m'mapanga ndi nsomba zokongola ndi akamba obiriwira. Malo omwe nkhomaliro ndi kusamba kwa dzuwa kungapereke mpumulo waukulu.
• Kuyenda ulendo pamayendedwe achilengedwe a Saadani kumakufikitsani pafupi ndi chilengedwe.
• Kuyendetsa tsiku lamasewera.
• Kuyendetsa masewera ausiku kuti muwone nyama zausiku
• Pumulani pagombe loyera kwambiri m'mphepete mwa Bagamoyo ndi Tanga, komwe munthu amawona kutuluka kwa dzuwa.

Malo Okopa Alendo:

• Nyanja yoyera ndi Nyanja ya Indian.
• Kuchuluka kwa nyama zakuthengo monga nguluwe, giraffe, warthog, nyani wachikasu, mbira, nyumbu, mbidzi, njovu ndi mkango.
• Malo oberekera akamba obiriwira.
• Mtsinje wa Wami.
• Nkhalango ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Zaraninge.
• Mitundu yoposa 220 ya mbalame kuphatikizapo mbalame zosamukasamuka.
• Zotsalira zakale.
• Chikhalidwe cha Chiswahili.

KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO PA MAPAKI

Panjira

Paki ya Saadani National Park ili pamtunda wa makilomita 44 kumpoto kwa tawuni ya Bagamoyo. Pakiyi imapezeka mosavuta kudzera mu Mtsinje wa Wami kuchokera ku Bagamoyo.

Pakiyi ikhozanso kufikika kudzera pa 271km pagalimoto kuchokera ku Dar-es-salaam - mudzi wa Mandela kudzera mu tawuni ya Chalinze. Kuchokera ku Mandela pagalimoto pamsewu wovuta wa 61km kupita ku chipata cholowera ku paki ya Saadani.

Mabasi atsiku ndi tsiku amayenda kuchokera ku Dar-es-salaam / Bagamoyo ndi mudzi wa Saadani kupita ku Tanga City ndi mudzi wa Mkwaja.

Komanso munthu akhoza kufika ku Saadani kuchokera ku Arusha - Moshi-Segera-Tanga-Pangani KAPENA Arusha - Moshi-Segera- Kwamsisi-Mandela yomwe ili pafupi ndi 561 Km.

Kuchokera mumzinda wa Tanga munthu akhoza kufika ku Saadani poyendetsa galimoto ndikuwoloka mtsinje wa Pangani pa sitima yapamadzi. Ili pamtunda wa maola atatu pagalimoto (130Km) pamsewu wovuta kupita ku chipata cholowera ku Park.

Ndi mpweya

Ndege (ndege zopepuka) zitha kukonzedwa kupita ku bwalo la ndege la Mkwaja kapena Saadani kuchokera kulikonse mdziko muno monga Arusha, Zanzibar, Mwanza, Manyara, Dar-es-salaam ndi zina zotero.
Chilumba cha Zanzibar chili pamtunda wa makilomita 40 kuchokera ku pakiyi, chimatenga mphindi 14 kuchokera ku Zanizbar kupita ku Saadani Airstrip. 

Pa Madzi

Munthu akhoza kufika ku Saadani pa boti kuchokera ku Dar-es-salaam, Tanga, Pangani, Bagamoyo ndi Zanzibar

ZINDIKIRANI; Mu nyengo yamvula (Marichi-Epulo), misewu yamatope ingapangitse kuyenda kum'mwera kwa paki kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kufunsa za momwe msewu ulili musanayende.

Nthawi yabwino yopita ku Paki:

Ndikoyenera kupita ku paki nthawi yachilimwe. Komabe pakiyi ili ndi malo ambiri okopa alendo chaka chonse. Kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yowonera mbalame za flamingo m'miphika yamchere.

ZOKHUDZA

Pakiyi imapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo ogona ndi zinthu zake kwa okhalamo ndi omwe si okhalamo omwe amabwera ku Pakiyi.

• Nyumba yopumulirako pafupi ndi gombe, ndi chipinda chochezera chokhala ndi mipando, chipinda chachikulu chogona, zipinda zitatu za munthu mmodzi komanso khitchini yokhala ndi zida zonse.
• Bandaz zomwe zili m'mphepete mwa nyanja, chilichonse chili ndi zipinda ziwiri zokhala ndi zofunda zinayi ndi

Zipinda za anthu awiriawiri zokhala ndi malo odyera ndi khitchini yakunja yokhala ndi gasi wophikira, firiji yozama komanso ziwiya.
Malo awa amapatsa anthu ogona m'misasa mwayi wogona m'malo ogona m'misasa poponya mipanda
mahema pamalo oimikapo anthu onse omwe ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Saadani,

• Malo apadera a msasa: Malo ogona a Kiwandi omwe ali ku nkhalango ya Zaraninge, malo ogona a Kinyonga omwe ali m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Wami ndi malo ogona a Tengwe omwe ali m'dera la chipululu.

Alendo akulangizidwa kuti abwere ndi chakudya chawo chomwe angaphike pogwiritsa ntchito malo osungiramo zinthu zakale.
Pali malo ena ogona a anthu payekha mkati ndi kunja kwa pakiyi monga Sanctuary Saadani Safari Lodge, Saadani River Lodge, KISAMPA, Saadani Park Hotel, Tembo Kijani Lodge ndi A Tent with A View Lodge. Chonde pitani patsamba lawo kuti mudziwe zambiri.

MALAMULO NDI MALAMULO A PAKI

Chifukwa cha momwe zinthu zilili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Tanzania komanso zinthu zambiri zotsutsana pa chitukuko cha dera lino, paki ya Saadani National Park ikukumana ndi ziwopsezo zambiri pa moyo wake. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi kusaka nyama ndi kufunikira kwa malo odyetsera anthu ambiri omwe akuchulukirachulukira m'malire a pakiyi. Khalidwe lanu likhoza kukhala lowononga ngati msampha wa mlenje.

Kuyendetsa galimoto mopanda chilolezo kumawononga dothi lofooka ndi zomera za m'malo ofunikira awa ndipo kungasokoneze mitundu ya zomera panthawi yofunika kwambiri yobereketsa. Mutha kuthandiza kuteteza Saadani National Park ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera polemekeza malamulo ndi malangizo athu onse omwe ali pansipa:

1. Pitirizani kuthamanga mpaka 50km/h. Izi ndi zachitetezo chanu komanso zachitetezo cha nyama zakuthengo.
2. Kuyendetsa galimoto usiku sikuloledwa (7pm mpaka 6am).
3. Khalani pa misewu/njira zomwe zasankhidwa.
4. Musamavutitse, kudyetsa kapena kusokoneza nyama zakuthengo.
5. Musatuluke/muyime/mukhale pafupi ndi nyama iliyonse.
6. Akamba Obiriwira ali pangozi ndipo malo oberekera ndi ochepa. Musasokoneze akuluakulu, ana aang'ono kapena zisa zawo pagombe.
7. Matanthwe a miyala yamchere ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri kwa zamoyo zam'madzi. Musamadule kapena kuyenda pa miyala yamchere yosalimba.
8. Siyani zomera zonse, nyama, zigaza, mafupa, miyala, kapena chinthu chilichonse chomwe chili m'paki momwe zilili.
9. Musabweretse nyama, zomera ndi/kapena chinthu chilichonse m'paki.
10. Kupikiniki m'malo ovomerezeka.
11. Musasiye zinyalala zilizonse: tengani nazo kapena mutaye bwino.
12. Zimitsani ndudu mu chotengera cha phulusa cha galimoto yanu kuti mupewe moto.
13. Musayatse moto pokhapokha ngati muli m'misasa yovomerezeka.
14. Kumbukirani kuti zipata za paki zimatsegulidwa 6 koloko m'mawa ndipo zimatsekedwa 6 koloko madzulo.
15. Mumalowa m'pakiyi mwangozi yanu

Oyang'anira ndi ogwira ntchito ku Saadani National Park akukulandirani ndipo akufunirani malo abwino okhala.

POPEREKA

www.saadanipark.org